-Mechanical equipment
Machinery is a combination of several parts, generally by the power part, working part and transmission part. According to the role can be divided into conveying equipment (compressor, belt conveyor); Metal processing equipment (lathes, shears); Casting equipment; Power equipment (boiler, generator), lifting equipment, bridge crane; Refrigeration equipment; Separation equipment; Molding and packaging equipment.
-- Common Mechanical Hazards
Extrusion, collision, entanglement, cutting or cutting, shearing, pulling or trapping are common mechanical hazards.
-- Dangerous Location
1. Occlusal place between rotating parts and tangential moving parts. Such as power transmission belt and pulley, chain and sprocket, rack and gear, etc.
2. The axis of rotation. Including connector, mandrel, chuck, lead screw, circular mandrel and rod, etc.
3. Rotating convex block and hole. Rotating parts that contain bumps or cavities are dangerous, such as fan blades, cams, flywheels, etc.
4. The bite of the rotating parts. Such as gear, rolling mill, mixing roller, etc.
5. Occlusion of rotating parts and fixed parts. Such as spoke hand-wheel or flywheel and machine bed, like rotary mixer and no protective opening shell mixing device.
6. One-way sliding, such as band saw edge, belt polishing machine, convex movement belt, etc.
--Correct Avoidance of Mechanical Hazards
-The Operator
1. Professional training and certificate holder is required;
2. Wear safety helmet and protective measures, if necessary, wear protective glasses, dust mask;
3. Clothes, cuffs should be buckled, barefoot or slippers are strictly prohibited, female long hair must be coiled in the hat;
4. When operating drill press, do not wear gloves, do not change clothes next to the mechanical equipment in operation.
-The Operation Process
1. Before the operation of the machinery, safety inspection, confirm that no one in the danger area, is strictly prohibited from "sick" operation of the machinery;
2. When the machine is running, it is forbidden to move people within the machine rotation range to ensure compliance operation;
3. After the machine runs, confirm that the machine has stopped working and clean up the remaining materials on site;
*The outage listing system must be strictly implemented for equipment overhaul or cleaning of contact equipment, and the outage equipment without outage listing is regarded as operating equipment.
-The Operating Environment
1. Ensure sufficient lighting at the construction site during the mechanical construction at night;
2. When multiple machines work together at the same time, a safe distance should be kept around the front and back;
3. Set safety warning signs at the site well or danger area and make safety protection devices.
--Requirements for Mechanical Protection Devices
1. Safety protection devices should be simple in structure and reasonable in layout, without sharp edges or protruding edges.
2. Safety protection devices should be considered for their reliability and should have corresponding rigidity, hardness, stability, corrosion resistance, flexibility and other characteristics.
3. The safety protection device should be interlocked with the running parts. When the safety protection device does not work, the machine cannot operate. The distance between the structure of the protection device should meet the relevant regulations.
4. Photoelectric and inductive safety devices should be equipped with fault self-alarm system.
5. The emergency switch should be able to stop all operation of the machine when it is operated instantaneously.
6. Meet the safety distance requirements, so that all parts of the body (especially hands or feet) cannot touch the danger.
7. Does not affect normal operation, shall not contact with any movable parts of the machinery; Minimal visual barriers to people.
8.Easy to check and repair.
--Common Protective Devices
According to the characteristics of different mechanical equipment, we will take specific safety protection device, according to the function can be divided into isolation protection device, interlock control protection device, emergency brake protection device, abnormal alarm protection device.
Safety fence is the most common safety protection device. Its function is physical isolation of mechanical equipment to avoid inadvertent entry into the danger area and ensure safe operation.
Safety grating, safety interlock and alarm light are also common and are often used to upgrade isolation protection. Control potentially dangerous mechanical equipment to stop working or send out alarm signal in time to avoid safety accidents.
Mechanical safety should not be underestimated and should not be left to chance. We should not only strengthen the study of relevant knowledge, but also integrate the theory into practice, fall into the actual place in daily work, safe work, safe life.